Befriend a Distant State While Attacking a Neighboring State
Befriend Distant States While Attacking Nearby Ones (RM)
Build strategic alliances with others that will give you the upper hand.
២៣. ចងមិត្តអ្នកឆ្ងាយ កំចាយអ្នកជិត
กลยุทธ์คบไกลตีใกล้ หรือ เหวี่ยนเจียวจิ้นกง (อังกฤษ: Befriend a distant state while attacking a neighbour; จีนตัวย่อ: 远交近攻; จีนตัวเต็ม: 遠交近攻; พินอิน: Yuǎn jiāo jìn gōng) เป็นกลยุทธ์ที่มีความหมายถึงเมื่อถูกจำกัดโดยสภาพภูมิศาสตร์ ควรจักตีเอาศัตรูที่อยู่ในบริเวณใกล้ตัวจึงจะเป็นประโยชน์ การบุกโจมตีศัตรูที่อยู่ห่างไกลออกไป จักกลายเป็นผลร้ายแก่กองทัพ คัมภีร์อี้จิงกล่าวว่า "เปลวไฟลอยขึ้น น้ำบึงไหลลง บุรุษจักร่วมกันเพราะความผิดแผก" หมายความถึงในการหยิบยื่นไมตรีเพื่อผูกมิตรสัมพันธ์นั้น แม้นความคิดเห็นแต่ละฝ่ายอาจไม่ตรงกัน ก็สามารถที่จะยุติความขัดแย้ง และสามารถที่จะจับมือร่วมกันทำศึกสงครามได้ในชั่วระยะเวลาหนึ่ง ดังนั้นเมื่อต้องเผชิญหน้ากับศัตรูแม้ใกล้ไกล พึงมีนโยบายที่แตกต่างกัน ซึ่งเป็นกลยุทธ์ที่ผูกมิตรกับแคว้นไกลเพื่อเอาชัยชนะต่อแคว้นใกล้อย่างหนึ่ง ตัวอย่างการนำเอากลยุทธ์คบใกล้ตีไกลไปใช้ได้แก่จูกัดเหลียงแนะอุบายให้เล่าปี่ยื่นมือเข้าช่วยเหลือกังตั๋งของซุนกวนให้รอดพ้นจากเงื้อมมือการบุกโจมตีของโจโฉ
23. Befriend a distant state while attacking a neighbour
This stratagem has two applications: the first is the more obvious. Avoid a two-front war by making peace with everybody else before you go to war against an opponent. Additionally, if you have two battles to fight, it's wiser first to fight the one that is near at hand. But to do this, you must try to gain at least a temporary peace with the less emergent battle. One writer observes that a parent with a teen age son who eats junk food and drives too fast will first allow the junk food in order to focus on the battle of building responsibility in the boy's driving practices.
The second, less apparent application of this stratagem is that your route of advance must be organized. Sometimes, winning one battle makes the next battle easier to win. The order of operation can make your battles easier. In two-on-one fighting in taekwon do, the lone defender keeps moving so that the less aggressive of two attackers stays between the defender and the more aggressive attacker. This tactic wears out the aggressor in the middle and exposes him to deliberate kicks and punches from the defender and accidental kicks and punches from his ally. Thus, by economical manuevering, the defender can whittle away one opponent. When the "man in the middle" gives up or goes down, the defender can then concentrate on a single opponent. But if the defender focuses on the stronger, more aggressive opponent first, then the defender gets tied up in earnest fighting, and the weaker attacker can do him serious harm.
Situation and ability will often determine the best order of operation in a battle, but---as Sun Tzu wrote---it's usually wisest to husband your energy and resources while making your opponents spend up their energy and resources.
Befriend Distant States While Attacking Nearby Ones (RM)
Build strategic alliances with others that will give you the upper hand.
២៣. ចងមិត្តអ្នកឆ្ងាយ កំចាយអ្នកជិត
- នៅក្នុងឆ្នាំប្រមាណជា ៣០០ មុនគ្រឹស្តរាជ រាជរង្ស ឈីន ជារាជវង្សមួយដែលខ្លាំងជាងគេក្នុងប្រទេសចិន។ នៅក្នុងនគរមួយនេះមានទីប្រឹក្សាជាអ្នកផ្តល់នូវយុទ្ធសាស្ត្រដល់ព្រះមហាក្សត្រក្នុងការដឹកនាំប្រទេស។ បុរសជនជាតិជប៉ុនដ៏ខ្លាំងម្នាក់ដែលមានឈ្មោះថា Toyatomi Tideyashi (១៥៣៦-១៥៩៣) ផ្តល់នូវការរៀបរាប់ដែលទាក់ទងនឹងយុទ្ធសាស្ត្រមួយនេះដូចខាងក្រោម៖
- តោះពួកយើងបន្តធ្វើដោយប្រុងប្រយ័ត្នលើការយកចិត្តទុកដាក់លើចំណុចខ្លាំងរបស់ខ្លួន និង ព្យាយាមបង្កើនវាឲ្យបានជារៀងរាល់ថ្ងៃ។ យើងត្រូវតែយកជ័យជម្នះលើខ្លួនឯងបន្ទាប់មកយើងត្រូវតែរាប់អានពួកអ្នកដែលជាអ្នកនៅក្រោមសត្រូវ។ នៅពេលដែលសត្រូវឈរនៅតែឯង វាប្រៀបដូចជាដើមឈើដែលមិនមានស្លឹក និង មែកសាខា ដូច្នេះយើងត្រូវតែវាយប្រហារ និង បំផ្លាញឫសវាចោល។
- នៅក្នុងយុទ្ធសាស្ត្រមួយនេះ នៅពេលដែលយើងមិ ខ្លាំងដូចនឹងសត្រូវ យើងត្រូវតែវាយជាមួយអ្នកណាដែលងាយស្រួលនឹងយកឈ្នះជាមុនសិន។ យើងត្រូវតែផ្អាកធ្វើសង្គ្រាមដើម្បីសន្សំកម្លាំង និងពេញទៅដោយថាមពលក្នុងគោលបំណងវាយប្រហារលើកក្រោយទៀត។ ជាឧទាហរណ៍ ដូចជានៅក្នុងក្រុមហ៊ុនផលិតយានយន្ត ហុងដា គឺមានដំណើរការនៃអ្នកប្រកួតប្រជែងតម្លៃទាប និង អុ្នកប្រកួតប្រជែងក្នុងតម្លៃខ្ពស់។ នៅក្នុងឆ្នាំ ១៩៥០ក្រុមហ៊ុនមួយនេះបានព្យាយាមលក់ផលិតផលរបស់ខ្លួន ជាមួយនឹងការលក់ម៉ូតូចេញពីអ្នកចែកចាយម៉ូតូដទៃទៀត វាជារឿងមួយពិបាកសម្រាប់ក្រុមហ៊ុនធ្វើការជាមួយនឹងតម្លៃដ៏ខ្ពស់សម្រាប់ក្រុមហ៊ុន។ ក្រុមហ៊ុនមួយនេះចាប់ផ្តើមលក់ម៉ូតូរបស់ខ្លួនតាមរយអ្នកចែកចាយកង់។ វិធីមួយនេះវាមានលក្ខណៈងាយស្រួល និង មានតម្លៃថោក សម្រាក់លក់ម៉ូតូរបស់ខ្លួន។
- នៅក្នុងយុទ្ធសាស្ត្រមួយនេះ យើងត្រូវតែរាប់អានអ្នកនៅឆ្ងាយជាមិត្ត និង ដើម្បីយកឈ្នះសត្រូវនៅជិតដែលមិនសូវខ្លាំង ប៉ុន្តែវាគ្រោះថ្នាក់ជាងសត្រូវដែលខ្លាំងប៉ុន្តែនៅឆ្ងាយ។ ដូច្នេះយើងត្រូវតែរាប់អានអ្នកនៅឆ្ងាយក្នុងគោលបំណងវាយប្រហារអ្នកនៅជិត។ យើងត្រូវតែវាយជាមួយអ្នកណាដែលងាយស្រួលយកឈ្នះជាមុនសិន។
กลยุทธ์คบไกลตีใกล้ หรือ เหวี่ยนเจียวจิ้นกง (อังกฤษ: Befriend a distant state while attacking a neighbour; จีนตัวย่อ: 远交近攻; จีนตัวเต็ม: 遠交近攻; พินอิน: Yuǎn jiāo jìn gōng) เป็นกลยุทธ์ที่มีความหมายถึงเมื่อถูกจำกัดโดยสภาพภูมิศาสตร์ ควรจักตีเอาศัตรูที่อยู่ในบริเวณใกล้ตัวจึงจะเป็นประโยชน์ การบุกโจมตีศัตรูที่อยู่ห่างไกลออกไป จักกลายเป็นผลร้ายแก่กองทัพ คัมภีร์อี้จิงกล่าวว่า "เปลวไฟลอยขึ้น น้ำบึงไหลลง บุรุษจักร่วมกันเพราะความผิดแผก" หมายความถึงในการหยิบยื่นไมตรีเพื่อผูกมิตรสัมพันธ์นั้น แม้นความคิดเห็นแต่ละฝ่ายอาจไม่ตรงกัน ก็สามารถที่จะยุติความขัดแย้ง และสามารถที่จะจับมือร่วมกันทำศึกสงครามได้ในชั่วระยะเวลาหนึ่ง ดังนั้นเมื่อต้องเผชิญหน้ากับศัตรูแม้ใกล้ไกล พึงมีนโยบายที่แตกต่างกัน ซึ่งเป็นกลยุทธ์ที่ผูกมิตรกับแคว้นไกลเพื่อเอาชัยชนะต่อแคว้นใกล้อย่างหนึ่ง ตัวอย่างการนำเอากลยุทธ์คบใกล้ตีไกลไปใช้ได้แก่จูกัดเหลียงแนะอุบายให้เล่าปี่ยื่นมือเข้าช่วยเหลือกังตั๋งของซุนกวนให้รอดพ้นจากเงื้อมมือการบุกโจมตีของโจโฉ
23. Befriend a distant state while attacking a neighbour
This stratagem has two applications: the first is the more obvious. Avoid a two-front war by making peace with everybody else before you go to war against an opponent. Additionally, if you have two battles to fight, it's wiser first to fight the one that is near at hand. But to do this, you must try to gain at least a temporary peace with the less emergent battle. One writer observes that a parent with a teen age son who eats junk food and drives too fast will first allow the junk food in order to focus on the battle of building responsibility in the boy's driving practices.
The second, less apparent application of this stratagem is that your route of advance must be organized. Sometimes, winning one battle makes the next battle easier to win. The order of operation can make your battles easier. In two-on-one fighting in taekwon do, the lone defender keeps moving so that the less aggressive of two attackers stays between the defender and the more aggressive attacker. This tactic wears out the aggressor in the middle and exposes him to deliberate kicks and punches from the defender and accidental kicks and punches from his ally. Thus, by economical manuevering, the defender can whittle away one opponent. When the "man in the middle" gives up or goes down, the defender can then concentrate on a single opponent. But if the defender focuses on the stronger, more aggressive opponent first, then the defender gets tied up in earnest fighting, and the weaker attacker can do him serious harm.
Situation and ability will often determine the best order of operation in a battle, but---as Sun Tzu wrote---it's usually wisest to husband your energy and resources while making your opponents spend up their energy and resources.
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